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Linux Fundamentals: Essential Commands and Operations Linux Fundamentals: A Comprehensive Guide File System Navigation Listing Directory Contents # List all contents ls # List contents including hidden files ls -a # List detailed file information ls -l # List detailed information including hidden files ls -la Changing Directories # Move to root directory cd / # Move to home directory cd # Move to previous directory cd - # Move up one directory level cd .. # Move to specific directory cd /var/log Finding Executable Paths # Find bash executable path which bash # Print current shell echo $SHELL File and Directory Operations # Create a new directory mkdir linux_fundamentals # Create an empty file touch example.txt # Copy file to another directory cp example.txt scripts/ # Move file to another directory mv example.txt backup/ File Permissions ...

Introduction The UEFA Nations League offered a stage for one of the most eagerly awaited fixtures in international football as England hosted Ireland. This match not only promised to be a clash of two footballing cultures but also a continuation of a historical rivalry steeped in passion, pride, and prestige. Pre-Match Atmosphere As fans from both nations poured into the historic Wembley Stadium, the air was thick with anticipation and excitement. The English fans, known for their loud chants and unwavering support, filled one half of the stadium, while the Irish, equally renowned for their vibrant and spirited backing, occupied the other. The scene was set for a memorable night in international football. Team News and Tactical Setups England, managed by Gareth Southgate, lined up in a dynamic 4-3-3 formation, aiming to utilize their speed on the wings and technical superiority in the midfield. Key players included Harry Kane, Raheem Sterling, and Declan Rice, whose roles were cru...

Mastering Git: A Comprehensive Guide to Reset and Interactive Rebase Mastering Git: A Comprehensive Guide to Reset and Interactive Rebase Welcome to our Git tutorial, where we unravel the mysteries of Git reset and interactive rebase. This guide, crafted by Naimul Ferdous, will equip you with the knowledge needed to manage your Git commits effectively and cleanly. Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned developer, understanding these commands can significantly streamline your version control process. Git Reset Commands: A Deep Dive Soft Reset The soft reset is an essential tool that allows you to undo a commit while keeping changes staged. This can be particularly useful for redoing commits or merging multiple commits into one. # Undo last commit but keep changes staged git reset --soft HEAD~1 # Undo multiple commits git reset --soft HEAD~n # where n is number of commits This command moves the HEA...

Project Name: Interfacing LCD display controller. Objective of Project: Programming the AT89C2051 microcontroller to show the sentence “I LOVE YOU” on 16x2 line LCD display. Circuit Diagram: List of components: SL Name and Description Quantity 1 MCU 89C2051 1 2 LED 2 3 Resistance 1K Ohm 4 4 Capacitors 30pf (10 uf 50Volt(1),100uf 50Volt(1)) 2 5 Crystal Q11.059A1 1 6 Voltage regulator 7805 1 7 Bread board 2 8 Connecting wires 9 Battery 9 Volt 1 10 16*2 LCD display 1 Printout of Program: ; P1.0-P1.7=D0-D7, P3.0=RS, P3.1=R/W, P3.2=E ORG 0 MOV DPTR,#MYCOM C1: CLR A MOVC A,@A+DPTR ACALL COMNWRT         ...

Project Name: Automatic Water Pump Controller (ON/OFF). Objective of Project: Automatic Water Pump ON/OFF using P3 and P1 of AT89C2051 Microcontroller. Circuit Diagram: List of components: SL Name and Description Quantity 1 MCU 89C2051 1 2 LED 2 3 Resistance 1K Ohm 4 4 Capacitors 30pf (10 uf 50Volt(1),100uf 50Volt(1)) 2 5 Crystal Q11.059A1 1 6 Voltage regulator 7805 1 7 Bread board 2 8 Connecting wires 9 Battery 9 Volt 1 10 Display 3 11 Transistor 3 12 Water - Flow Chart of Program: Printout of Program: Brief Description of Program: We declare the bit P3.0 as Lo and bit P3.1 as Hi. Then we define the code for Pump ON and Display O. And define the code for Pump OFF and Display F. We send FF to P3 to...

Project Name: 3x3 Matrix Keyboard Objective of Project: Showing 0 to 8 on a 7 segment display by using matrix theory connected to P3.0 to P3.5 Circuit Diagram: List of components: SL Name and Description Quantity 1 MCU 89C2051 1 2 7 segment display ( Common Anode ) 1 3 Resistance 1K Ohm 10 4 Capacitors 30pf (10 uf 50Volt(1), 100uf 50Volt(1)) 2 5 Crystal Q11.059A1 1 6 Voltage regulator 7805 1 7 Bread board 1 8 Connecting wires 9 Battery 9 Volt 1 10 Micro Push Type Switch 9 Flow Chart: Program: ORG 00h                 MOV P1, #0FFh                 Starter:      ...